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Flammability of surgical drapes and materials in varying concentrations of oxygen.
Author information
- 1* Associate Professor, † Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Anesthesiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Over 600 operating room fires occur annually although many cases go unreported. Over 81% of operating room fires involve surgical drapes, yet limited data exist on the differing degrees of flammability of drapes and other surgical fuel sources in varying oxygen concentrations. The purpose of this study is to assess the flammability characteristics of fuels in the operating room under varying oxygen concentrations.
METHODS:
Five fuel sources were analyzed in three levels of oxygen: 21%, 50%, and 100%. Three test samples of each material were burned in a manner similar to that established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Time to sample ignition and time to complete burn were measured with video analysis.
RESULTS:
The median [minimum, maximum] ignition time in 21% oxygen was 0.9 s [0.3, 1.9], in 50% oxygen 0.4 s [0.1, 1.2], and in 100% oxygen 0.2 s [0.0, 0.4]. The median burn time in 21% oxygen was 20.4 s [7.8, 33.5], in 50% oxygen 3.1 s [1.4, 8.1], and in 100% oxygen 1.7 s [0.6, 2.7]. Time to ignite and total burn times decreased as oxygen concentration increased (P < 0.001). Flammability characteristics differed by material and oxygen concentration. Utility drapes and surgical gowns did not support combustion in room air, whereas other materials quickly ignited. Flash fires were detected on woven cotton materials in oxygen-enriched environments.
CONCLUSIONS:
Operating room personnel should be aware that common materials in the operating room support rapid combustion in oxygen-enriched environments. The risk of ignition and speed of fire propagation increase as oxygen exposure increases. Advances in material science may reduce perioperative fire risk.
Comment in
- A burning issue: preventing patient fires in the operating room. [Anesthesiology. 2013]
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東京医科大学病院（東京都新宿区）で今年４月、手術中の女性患者にかけられていた布が焼け、女性がやけどをしていたことが、警視庁などへの取材でわかった。使用していたレーザーメスから布に引火したとみて、新宿署が業務上過失傷害事件として調べている。
署や病院によると、４月１５日午前１０時半ごろ、産科・婦人科の医師から手術を受けていた３０代の女性にかかっていた「ドレープ」と呼ばれる布から出火。医師らが手術室にある生理食塩水などを使って消火したが、全身麻酔中だった女性は腕や足などにやけどをした。病院によると、女性は重傷で現在も入院中だが、命に別条はないという。
病院は女性と家族に謝罪したうえで、東京都や厚生労働省に事故を報告したほか、専門家ら第三者による調査委員会を設置。署は、レーザーメスの機能の状態や、医師の使い方に問題がなかったか調べている。
病院の経営企画・広報室は「原因は明らかになっておらず、調査委員会の報告がまとまり次第、公表したい」としている。
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